Step 1: Manage the Application Portfolio
The important aspect of portfolio management for Applications Maintenance is determining the relative health of an application. Over time, the cost of supporting, maintaining, and extending an application can begin to exceed the cost and effort of replacing it. Know what applications reside in your Application Portfolio and their relative health before evaluating the merits of maintenance and change requests.
Info-Tech Tip: Scale the Applications Inventory documentation effort to the size of the enterprise in order to keep it manageable. Smaller shops with few applications may not require the same depth of detail as larger enterprises, nor need to update their inventory records as frequently.
Info-Tech Tip: Base all decisions on whether or not to retire an application on sound business principles, including ability to support business process and cost to own. The decision to maintain, toss, or acquire an application should always be a bottom-line decision.
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1.1 Create an Applications Inventory
Most enterprises have more software than they realize. Conducting an inventory is the first step in gaining a "big picture” view of the entire portfolio and analyzing its overall health.
The sole core tool in this stage is OptimizeIT’s Application Inventory tool. Use it to document all applications in the enterprise, their primary users, and each one’s impact on the business and IT systems.
Larger enterprises with multiple IT organizations or "shadow” IT groups (staff who are doing IT-related activities but do not report into the IT organization) should consider using Info-Tech’s advanced tool, "Irregular IT Staff Inventory."
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1.2 Develop an Application Portfolio Strategy
The inventory process will reveal not only active applications, but also those that are not being utilized, are redundant, or are no longer adequately supporting current business processes. Set a strategy to clean, simplify, and eventually augment the application portfolio.
Apply OptimizeIT’s Application Status Rationalization Tool. This advanced tool provides a series of questions that will help you determine if an application is adequately serving current business needs and is still affordable to maintain. Clear recommendations are provided as to whether an assessed application should be maintained, phased out, or retired outright.
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Step 2: Assess Application Maintenance Maturity
Assess the current change management practices of the organization. After completing this section, the IT organization will have an idea of where it ranks in process maturity. This section will also provide a mapping tool to guide the organization through areas of improvement in the application maintenance practice. This map will direct the user towards the various tools in the application maintenance capability.
Info-Tech Tip: The rigor of your application maintenance process should depend on the size and needs of your enterprise environment. Small organizations with a minimal application portfolio will not require a robust, comprehensive application maintenance program.
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2.1 Assess Current Application Maintenance Processes
To gain an overview of the software maintenance process, take a core survey to determine current processes and define the organization’s standing using the OptimizeIT Application Maintenance Self-Assessment Tool.
OptimizeIT’s advanced Release Management Practice ROI tool can also be used to make a business case for optimizing IT’s maintenance through the use of well-managed application releases.
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2.2 Improve Application Maintenance Processes
Once the organization’s application maintenance maturity has been assessed, the Application Maintenance Improvement Opportunities Template provides enterprises with a documented road-map for improvement opportunities.
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Step 3: Assess Application Change Management Maturity
The practice of managing application maintenance relies heavily on the way an enterprise manages the change process. Complex applications do not exist in a vacuum, and defining a change management process both streamlines necessary changes and protects reliant IT systems and business units.
Info-Tech Tip: Higher process maturity is not necessarily better. The formality of the application maintenance process is largely dependent on the enterprise’s size, complexity, and business needs. While some level of maturity in the change management process is recommended for most enterprises, organizations should consider their individual needs before spending time on more advanced tools.
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3.1 Assess Current Application Change Management Processes
Change management spans all aspects of IT management – its impact cannot be underestimated.
The core Change Management Maturity Tool provides a series of "yes” or "no” questions that help to define the maturity of the organization’s change management practices as they relate to five aspects of change management. The tool will also provide appropriate recommendations for improvement within each of the five areas related to change management.
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3.2 Establish Application Change Management Processes
Once change management maturity has been defined, the enterprise can rely on a series of advanced tools to help establish a formal change process.
OptimizeIT’s Change Management Policy is a thorough policy template that addresses the process of leading change management, and can be customized to define formal change management processes within the enterprise. The Change Advisory Board (CAB) Charter presents some suggested procedures for forming and running a CAB to approve and manage proposed application changes. Finally, the Routine COTS (Commercial Off-the-Shelf) Software Maintenance Policy covers policy for maintenance and patch installation for COTS and customized commercial software.
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Step 4: Evaluate Application Maintenance Process Performance
At this point, you have taken all the steps to improve and create repeatable and reliable application maintenance processes. Now you are ready to start recording and evaluating key application maintenance metrics to determine how you are doing, highlight areas of concern, and identify opportunities for improvement. The Application Maintenance Process Review is designed to be revisited and updated monthly.
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4.1 Analyze Request Data and Identify Trends
Most organizations (and application maintenance departments for that matter) do not record and/or monitor key application maintenance metrics. There is almost always maintenance going on within an organization; nonetheless, it’s important to track and measure maintenance processes, requests, and changes to understand and evaluate progress and to confirm and provide insight into the organization’s actual maintenance process and efficiency.
Use Info-Tech’s OptimizeIT Request Trend Analysis Tool to assist in recording and organizing key application maintenance metrics.
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4.2 Report Application Maintenance Metrics and Trends
For many enterprises, recording and analyzing key application maintenance metrics is new. More important than simply collecting data is the ability to understand the metrics, and interpret their impact on application maintenance and the enterprise as a whole.
Use OptimizeIT’s Guide to Understanding and Reporting Application Maintenance Metrics and Trends for definitions, impact analysis, and interpretation as they pertain to each key metric that you collect as part of sub-step 4.1.
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