Century-Scale Breakthroughs

We're experiencing a rather large number of century-scale transformations in technology that are both important and rare. It's easy to become at least slightly jaded about, and therefore perhaps a bit tone-deaf to, the many innovations that one reads about daily. But it's worthwhile, I believe, to step back and look at the forest instead of the trees, noting the major transformations affecting civilization on a century scale and the breakthroughs that are enabling them.